Design of Miniaturized and Biocompatible Antenna with Y-Shaped Slots for Implantable Applications

A new miniaturized antenna that covers the Industrial Scientific Medical (ISM) band 2.4-2.483.5 GHz is designed. The implantable antenna system consists of a rectangular patch with coaxial feed and Y slots. The compact size of the recommended antenna is 8 × 8 × 1.27 . A shorting pin is used for miniaturization. In the proposed antenna, the simulated −10 dB bandwidth is about 160 MHz. Enhanced bandwidth (2.39-2.55 GHz) operation can be achieved by introducing ground slots and moving feed and pin to the appropriate position. In a flat type implantable system, the antenna is capsulated with battery and electronic boards. The result was verified by CST software in both heterogeneous multi-layer (skin, fat, and muscle), and homogenous single layer (skin, muscle, stomach, small intestine, and colon) human tissue phantoms. To diagnose the effect of fabrication tolerance and dimensions of slots on impedance and bandwidth, the antenna is parametrically analyzed. For safety consideration and the effects of EM radiation on the human body, the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) of the antenna is computed. The main features of the designed antenna are the gain value of -15.8 dBi, low SAR, small volume, and large bandwidth that make the proposed antenna an appropriate choice for implantable medical devices. The designed implantable antenna features have been compared with previously reported antennas.