An All-Optical NOR Gate based on Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystals

A new configuration of an all optical (2 input) NOR gatebased on two-dimensional photonic crystals is proposed.The structure is based on 20*20 rods of silicon in thebackground of air. The square-ring resonator shapedstructure contains three inputs and one output port. Threeinput ports (Ctrl, A and B) are introduced in to thestructure for achieving the appropriate application. Inorder to investigate the functionality of the structure(functioning as a logic NOR gate), photonic band gap(PBG), field distribution and transmitted power spectrumare considered. PBG and field distribution are obtainedconsidering the plane wave expansion and finitedifference-time-domain methods, respectively. All thestates of a NOR gate (truth table or logical values) areconsidered by applying related inputs to the input ports(incident field with the wavelength in the PBG region).The bit rate, normalized intensity and rise time of2.5Tbit/s, 99% and 2ps, are azlso obtained for the gate.The obtained logic NOR gate can be an appropriatecandidate for utilization in optical integrated circuits.