The Effect of 12 Weeks of Theraband Resistance Training on IGF-1 and FGF-2 Levels and Their Relationships with Myokines on Bone Mineral Density of Osteosarcopenic Obese Women

Background: Muscle-induced insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) are important factors for muscle growth and maintenance. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of Theraband resistance training on IGF-1 and FGF-2 levels and their relationships with myokines on bone mineral density (BMD) in older women with osteosarcopenic obesity. Methods: In this single-blind randomized clinical trial, 48 older women with osteosarcopenic obesity (mean age: 64.63 ± 3.68 years; fat percentage 45.4 ± 6.6%; BMI 33.1 ± 3.71 kg/m2; and T score of bone minerals density of femur and 1 - 4 lumbar spine -1.86 ± 1.42, based on the results of the DEXA test) were randomly divided into control (n = 22) and training (n = 26) groups. The training group performed 12 weeks of Theraband resistance training for all major muscle groups. Blood samples were collected 48 hours before and 12 weeks after the intervention. Results: After 12 weeks, a significant difference was observed in IGF-1 (P = 0.033) levels in the training group compared to the control group. Also, FGF-2 (P = 0.003) and IGF-1 (P = 0.013) levels increased significantly in the training group. However, there was no significant relationship between IGF-1 (P = 0.240) and FGF-2 (P = 0.806) levels and BMD. Conclusions: Theraband resistance training can be an appropriate training strategy to improve muscle mass in older adults with osteosarcopenic obesity by increasing IGF-1 and FGF-2 levels.