Roughcast Analysis as a New Method of Environmental Research

This study aims to show the purpose of roughcast analysis as a new useful tool for research of the condition of the environment. Samples of roughcast were collected from buildings in 6 different cities in Europe (Cracow, Lublin, Warsaw, Lviv, Monchegorsk, and Murmansk) and their compositions were examined with the scanning electron microscope, ICP-OAS, and ASA methods. Also, a binocular magnifier was used. The samples were investigated for heavy metals presence. The result shows that despite the deposition of particles being bigger on the horizontal surface, the vertical layer of the roughcast accumulates significant amounts of impurities and heavy metals. The composition and content of metals differ accordingly to automotive traffic nowadays and in the past, the existence of road hubs, industrial districts, and historical manufacturers. Samples from Cracow show high content of non-ferrous metals and nickel, whereas the content of copper was significantly higher in Monchegorsk. In Lublin and Lviv, their agricultural past contributed to significantly lower heavy metal content Determination of heavy metals contents in roughcast can be used to evaluate anthropogenic impact in the cities through the years and to help to protect cities’ populations from negative consequences of living in urban areas.