Apoptosis, Cytotoxicity and Expression of Metastatic Suppressor Genes Increased in Human Bladder and Renal Carcinoma Cells by Nisin

Introduction: Cancer is considered a significant cause of mortality worldwide, and the mortality rate has been growing significantly in the last decades. The present study aimed to assess the effect of nisin on apoptosis and metastasis of human bladder carcinoma (5637) and renal carcinoma (ACHN) cells. Methods: In this experimental study, the 5637 and ACHN cell lines were cultured and treated with diverse densities of nisin. The viability test was evaluated by MTT assay. The gene expression level of BAX, BCL-2, CEA, and Rho-GDI2 was examined by real-time PCR. Results: The 430 and 230µg/mL nisin could suppress the proliferation of ACHN and 5637 cell lines, respectively. In both studied cancer cells, the expression of BAX, BCL-2, CEA, and Rho-GDI2 genes was significantly augmented with nisin exposure.  Conclusion: Our results discovered that nisin has cytotoxic effects on the ACHN and 5637 cells and prompts apoptosis over up-regulating the BAX/BCL-2 ratio in the 5637-cell line. Moreover, nisin might suppress the metastasis process via up-regulation of the Rho-GDI2 gene.