Evaluation Criteria for the Effects of Decision Support Integrated into Computerized Provider Order Entry System: A Scoping Review

Context: This study was done to extract the evaluation criteria to assess the effects of decision support systems integrated with computerized provider order entry (CPOE) systems. Methods: A Scoping review search was carried out on papers published in nine electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, Science Direct, ACM digital library, and IEEE Xplore Digital Library up to February 2019. This study was conducted based on the PRISMA flow diagram. Two investigators independently worked on identifying papers published in English electronic clinical decision supports physicians used that to help decision-making during medical orders. Finally, the criteria for effects of clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) in CPOE were extracted from the selected papers. Results: Eighty-seven studies were identified matching the inclusion criteria. The most significant number of effects belonged to the medication order decision support system. Medication order decision support system studies were classified into five categories by effects: clinical effects (8 dimensions), the process of care effects (3 dimensions), user workload effects (8 dimensions), economic effects (2 dimensions), and implementation effects (5 dimensions). Conclusions: It can be concluded that the most substantial effect is related to medication decision supports within the CPOE system. These studies provide wide-ranging criteria to evaluate CDSS integrated into CPOE. It helps identify weaknesses and strengths of CDSSs within CPOE systems.