Evaluation of Oxygen Saturation Levels in Different Vertical Facial Patterns Associated with Antero-Posterior Angle’s Classification

Aim: To evaluate and compare oxygen saturation levels in different facial patterns (average, horizontal, and vertical) existing in different anterior-posterior planes of space (Angle’s Class I, Class II, and Class III) by comparing the amount of hemoglobin bound to oxygen (SPO2) to the total amount of hemoglobin in the blood. Methods: A prospective observational study involving a sample size of 180 adults aged 18–30 was categorized into nine different groups based on their skeletal jaw relationships in the anteroposterior plane occurring in different facial types: average, horizontal, and vertical. The study was conducted using a portable pulse oximetry device (Biosys, BPM-200) to assess the level of saturated hemoglobin in the blood (SPO2). Results: The mean SPO2 measured was found to be in the range of 95–98%. Comparison between groups showed a statistically significant difference in the mean SPO2 (P=0.002). However, post hoc analysis showed group H had statistical significance. Conclusion: Based on the analysis of the results obtained from the study, it was concluded that in all facial growth patterns, SPO2 levels were in the normal range. However, the class II skeletal base with a vertical skeletal pattern showed the lowest SPO2 levels. The study also supported the fact that blood oxygen saturation levels are not a concern in any type of facial pattern; hence, no orthodontic intervention as such is indicated to improve their SPO2 levels.