Prevalence of Congenitally Missing Maxillary Lateral and Mandibular Second Premolars in Panoramic Radiographs of 12 To 18 Years Old Patients Referred To the Sari Dental Clinic from 2013 To 2023

Background: One of the most prevalent developmental dental abnormalities, congenital tooth loss, occurs when tooth buds fail to form and causes a wide range of issues. The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of congenital absence of the maxillary lateral incisor teeth and the mandibular second premolars in panoramic images among 12 to 18-year-old patients referred to the Dental Clinic of Sari between 2013-2023. Method: This analytical study included panoramic radiographs of patients aged 12 to 18 years referred to the radiology department of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Data such as the number of congenital absences of maxillary lateral and mandibular second premolars, age, and sex were gathered. SPSS V.25 was used for data analysis. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In this study, 1334 radiographs were examined over the course of eight years. Out of 1334 patients, 32 (2.4%) and 22 (1.65) patients had congenitally absent mandibular second premolars and maxillary laterals, respectively. Additionally, a statistically significant relation was observed in terms of the absence of these teeth on both sides in each jaw (P = 0.00). Nevertheless, no significant association was observed in terms of sex (P = 0.856). Conclusion: The prevalence of absent lateral maxillary teeth and mandibular second premolars was 1.65% and 2.4%, respectively. Although girls were found to have the highest prevalence, this was not statistically significant. Additionally, the left side of each jaws had the highest prevalence of absent teeth which was not significant.