Comparison of inflammatory markers in type 2 diabetic patients treated with empagliflozin, metformin, and sulfonylurea

Background and aims: The present study aimed to compare the levels of the inflammatory biomarkers of fibrinogen and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) among type 2 diabetic patients treated with empagliflozin and other hypoglycemic drugs. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 90 patients with type 2 diabetes (≥30 years) receiving empagliflozin, metformin, and sulfonylurea who were referred to the diabetes clinics affiliated with Arak University of Medical Sciences. After obtaining consent to participate in the study, the patients were categorized into the treatment groups of metformin, metformin+empagliflozin, or metformin+sulfonylurea, and their characteristics and hypoglycemic drugs were recorded in the information checklist. The data were analyzed in SPSS 16 statistical software. Results: The fibrinogen level was minimized in the metformin+empagliflozin group, although the three groups were not significantly different in this regard (P=0.382). Based on the results, the parameter was higher in the individuals with ischemic heart disease, while a lower level was found among those treated with a lipid-lowering agent. In terms of hs-CRP level, no statistically significant difference was observed among the three groups, although the metformin group had a lower level (P=0.522). Conclusion: The minimum fibrinogen and hs-CRP levels were related to the metformin+empagliflozin and metformin groups, respectively. Further, several factors such as comorbidities and other consumed drugs could affect the concentration of inflammatory factors. Thus, it is suggested that clinical trials should be conducted in this respect.