Author/Authors :
Olov ، Nafiseh Polymer and Colour Engineering Department - Amirkabir University of Technology , Bagheri‑Khoulenjani ، Shadab Polymer and Colour Engineering Department - Amirkabir University of Technology , Mirzadeh ، Hamid Polymer and Colour Engineering Department - Amirkabir University of Technology
Abstract :
Tissue engineering, using a combination of living cells, bioactive molecules, and three-dimensional porous scaffolds, is a promising alternative to traditional treatments such as the use of autografts and allografts for bone and cartilage tissue regen- eration. Scaffolds, in this combination, can be applied either through surgery by implantation of cell-seeded pre-fabricated scaffolds, or through injection of a solidifying precursor and cell mixture, or as an injectable cell-seeded pre-fabricated scaffold. In situ forming and pre-fabricated injectable scaffolds can be injected directly into the defect site with complex shape and critical size in a minimally invasive manner. Proper and homogeneous distribution of cells, biological factors, and molecular signals in these injectable scaffolds is another advantage over pre-fabricated scaffolds. Due to the importance of injectable scaffolds in tissue engineering, here different types of injectable scaffolds, their design challenges, and applica- tions in bone and cartilage tissue regeneration are reviewed.
Keywords :
In situ injectable hydrogels , Injectable microparticles , Injectable shape memory scaffolds , Bone tissue engineering , Cartilage tissue engineering
