Optimizing Immature Testicular Tissue and Cell Transplantation Results: Comparing Transplantation Sites and Scaffolds

For patients who had testicular tissue cryopreserved before receiving gonadotoxic therapies, transplantation of testiculartissues and cells has been recommended as a potential therapeutic option. There are no studies that indicate thegeneration of sperm after human immature testicular tissue (ITT) or spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) transplantation. The use of releasing scaffolds and localized drug delivery systems as well as the optimizing transplantation site canplay an effective role in increasing the efficiency and improving the quality of testicular tissue and cell transplantationin animal models. Current research is focused on optimizing ITT and cell transplantation, the use of releasingscaffolds, and the selection of the right transplantation site that might restore sperm production or male infertilitytreatment. By searching the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, original and review papers were collected. Searchterms were relevant for SSCs and tissue transplantation. In this review, we’ll focus on the potential advantages of usingscaffolds and choosing the right transplantation site to improve transplantation outcomes.