Nano-biochar Production and its Characteristics: Overview

Nano-biochar is produced by the process of ball milling and pyrolysis has more significant application in comparison to biochar. Biochar are carbonaceous material which are generated by the anaerobic digestion of organic matter in the absence (pyrolysis) or partial presence of oxygen (gasification). Solid material which is obtained after the pyrolysis has micro-pore for greater sorption characteristics, large specific surface area, and numerous functional groups which bears oxygen. The sorption properties are enhanced several times because of nano-enable properties such as numerous oxyl groups, large surface area, and high reactivity. The biochar conjugated with nanomaterials have also wide applications such as conjunctions of magnetic nanoparticles on biochar enhance its recycling and separation from reactions. Biochar and nano-biochar has great role in remediation of contaminants and toxicants from the soil and water environment. Biochar plays major role in carbon sequestrations, reduced the emission of greenhouse gases, management waste, and amendments soil. Its modified functional groups which bear oxygen can enhance sorption properties. Biochar have wide application in agriculture as it improves soil fertility, enhance growth of crops, and also increase the mobilization of nutrients and minerals, and makes availability higher amount of nutrients to the plants. Compared with biochar, nano-biochar has potential application in the environment management.