Ethical Challenges in Nuclear/Radiation Accidents; A Systematic Review

Aims: Dealing with nuclear and radiological emergencies is a highly intricate task. Such accidents have a far-reaching impact on a large number of individuals and professionals. The management of nuclear accidents brings forth various ethical dilemmas. These ethical considerations revolve around the principles of respecting autonomy, non-harm, beneficence, and justice. The aim of this research is was to analyze the ethical issues and suggest solutions to mitigate them in case of nuclear and radiation accidents. Information Methods: This was a systematic review study carried out in 2022. To conduct this study, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were used without time limit. Findings: Bioethics was a field seeking to determine the appropriate behaviors for individuals in various health-related circumstances. It considered factors such as health status and participation in healthcare. SHAMISEN (Nuclear Emergency Situations- Improvement of Medical and Health Surveillance), on the other hand, took a comprehensive approach to health by considering all aspects of a situation. One of the most significant ethical dilemmas in nuclear or radiation accidents was how to protect vulnerable groups during disaster situations. Conclusion: Eight themes of bioethics, justice, humanitarian activities, rights of the injured, injured triage, emergency evacuation, rights of vulnerable groups, and rights of medical response professionals are used to categorize ethical difficulties in nuclear/radiation accidents.