Aroma Profiles Study in Ocimum Sanctum L. During Plant Growth Using Head-Space Solid-Phase Microextraction

A head space solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) method coupled to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) has been developed and applied for profiling of volatile compounds released from Ocimum sanctum L.  during plant growth. Three types of different SPME fibers including polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS),divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane(DVB/CAR/PDMS),carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane(CAR/PDMS) and carbowax/polyethylene glycol (CW/PEG) were used as an adsorption phase and the best extraction was achieved with the mixed fiber 2.  A gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer was employed for identification of the volatiles extracted from the head space of sampling vials by SPME. As a result, 23 compounds were detected using this method. Esdragol (70.33-90.57%), L-carrol ( 0.07-4.66%), α-citral (0.28-6.76%), caryophyllene ( 0.33-2.12%), β-citral (0.14-9.63%) and methyl eugenol (0.33-3.11%) were dominate volatile components, the relative content of which was found to enable differentiating between the seasonal examined. The oxygenated terpens were the most aroma compounds of O. sanctum L. in head space of the  sample vial.