Investigating Frequency of Infection and its Related Risk Factors after Trans Rectal Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy of Prostate: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: Infectious complications following transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-Bx) have been observed to be increasing. This research aimed to assess the incidence of infection in patients who underwent TRUS-Bx and identify the associated risk factors. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study included 439 patients who underwent TRUS-Bx. The frequency of infection and its related risk factors were assessed using a checklist based on various variables. The patients’ data were recorded according to the study’s inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The average age of the patients was 64.6±8.7 years old —infection after TRUS-Bx was observed in 2.1% of patients (n=9). Lower Age (P-value=0.005) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (P-value=0.047) showed a significant association with an increased risk of infection after TRUS-Bx in univariate analysis. However, in multivariate analysis, age was the only factor significantly associated with infectious complications, indicating a decreased risk of infection in older patients (P-value=0.009). We did not find a significant association between infection after prostate biopsy and previous prostate biopsy or surgery, urethral catheterization, prostate cancer or prostatitis pathology report, diabetes mellitus, and serum creatinine level. Conclusions: According to this study, infection after prostate biopsy occurs in 2.1 % of cases, and younger patients are more at risk.