Chemical Methods for Producing Iron Oxide Magnetic Nanoparticles: A Review

In recently Magnetic NanoParticles (MNPs) have attracted a lot of attention in the field of biomedicine because of distinctive physicochemical characteristics, chemical stability, biocompatibility, nontoxicity, and ease of external magnetic field guidance. It has been outlined how MNPs with controlled size, shape, and magnetic characteristics are prepared for use in industrial, bioengineering, and commercial applications. In fields of life science such as agriculture, the environment, and healthcare, Iron Oxide NanoParticles (IONPs) are essential. By coating the IONPs with proteins, starch, polymers, etc., the IONPs can be further enriched. Applications of biomedical are also discussed, including drug administration, hyperthermia, biosensing, and bioseparation. We can treat the tumor by directly injecting IONPs into the organ and using an external magnetic field. The preparation techniques for IONPs, coatings of organic and non-organic compounds, and biological applications have all been outlined in this review. In addition, the surface of iron oxide NPs may be changed by inorganic or organic compounds such as metals, polymers, proteins, silica, etc. The guidelines for the synthesis and surface functionalization of iron oxide NPs are discussed, as well as the problems and major challenges. In-depth discussion has been given in this study of the prospective developments and trends of IONPs in medication delivery and hyperthermia.