Quantitative Electroencephalography and Balance Test Correlations in Patients with Chronic Patellofemoral Pain

Background: Quantitative Electroencephalography (QEEG) is a tool helping better understand the electrical activity of the brain and a non-invasive method to assess cortical activity. To date, the brain activity of patients with chronic patellofemoral pain (PFP) has not been investigated.Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the effect of PFP on higher levels of the central nervous system by assessing the correlation between QEEG and modified excursion balance test (mSEBT) in patients with PFP.Material and Methods: Twenty-two patients with chronic PFP participated in this observational study. Their cortical electrical activity was recorded in a resting state with their eyes open, via a 32-channel QEEG. C3, C4, and Cz were considered as regions of interest. In addition to QEEG, the balance performance of the participants was evaluated via mSEBT.Results: The obtained findings revealed a negative and moderate to high correlation between theta absolute power and posteromedial direction of mSEBT in C4 (P: 0.000, r: -0.68), Cz (P: 0.001, r: -0.66), and C3 (P 0.000, r: -0.70). Additionally, a significantly close correlation is between alpha absolute power in C3 (P: 0.001, r: -0.70), C4 (P: 0.000, r: -0.71), and Cz (P: 0.000, r: -0.74) and the posteromedial direction of mSEBT. No significant correlations were between the other two directions of mSEBT, alpha, and theta. Conclusion: According to our results, balance impairment in patients with chronic PFP correlated with their QEEG neurodynamics. Moreover, our findings demonstrated the efficiency of QEEG as a neuromodulation method for patients with PFP.