Detection of Biologically Active Compounds in Eriobotrya japonica L. Seeds Extract and Determination of Their Effectiveness Against Dermatophytes

Background and Aim: Effective dermatophytosis treatment necessitates antibiotics, which can harm the body’s health. This systematic review study aims to evaluate the susceptibility profile of dermatophytes to plant extracts, and to address this critical gap in understanding resistance and treatment of dermatophytes. Materials and Methods: Eriobotrya japonica seeds were collected, ground, and extracted, and then GC-MS analysis was performed to detect secondary compounds. Then, treatments of the plant extract (Ethanol) were made at a concentration (300, 150 and 75 mg/mL) with a control treatment (-) and a control treatment (+) containing a medicinal antifungal (Nystatin), treating it against dermatophytes and indicating the rate of inhibition for each isolate of dermatophytes (Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentographytes, Microsporum canis, Trichophyton verrucosum, Trichophyton quinckeanum, Epidermophyton, Trichophyton simii, Trichophyton interdigitale, and Fusarium). Results: The seed extract significantly inhibited dermatophyte growth at 300 mg/mL concentration, with percentage inhibition growth ranging from 100% to 96.56%, compared to concentrations at 150 and 75 mg/mL, with percentage inhibition growth ranging from 97.27% to 86.66% and from 93.66% to 79.84%, respectively. The results of GC-MS analysis indicated that the ethanol seeds extract of loquat has a lot of active chemical compounds, including twenty-five phytoconstituent compounds that are distinguished in the extract of seeds with E. japonica L. In addition, the high area percentages revealed in each extract were Propylene glycol monooleate 5.03%, D-Mannitol or DL-Glucitol 5.67%, Beta-sitosterol 5.70%, n-hexadecanoic acid 14.53% and 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z)- 22.85%. Conclusion: Based on our results, the ethanolic extract of the loquat plant was effective in inhibiting the growth of most dermatophytes to a significant extent, but the Fusarium genus was less sensitive. This is useful in choosing plant extracts in treating dermatophytes, which confirms their importance and their containment of beneficial active compounds.