Comparison of Coping Styles and Self-system in Adolescents with Leukemia, Hemophilia and Healthy Control

Background: Having a chronic illness and going through its challenging and lengthy treatment can lead to significant stress and psychological damage for children.  Objectives: The present study compared coping styles and self-systems (self-esteem, self-concept, and social self-efficacy) among teenagers with leukemia, hemophilia, and healthy control. Methods: In this research, which was a causal-comparative method, the statistical sample included a total of 110 people from three groups of people in the age range of 12 to 15 years, including 30 teenagers with leukemia, 40 people with hemophilia, and 40 healthy teenagers during 2022-23 in Tehran, Iran, which were selected by convenience sampling method. Child and adolescent coping styles questionnaires (CCBQ), Rosenberg self-esteem (SES), Lipsite self-concept (SC), and Kenly adolescent social self-efficacy were used as work tools. A multivariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed utilizing SPSS version 22 software. Results: The results indicated that the mean scores for leukemia and hemophilia groups in the deviation from the problem and destructive coping categories were significantly higher (0.007 and 0.002) than the healthy group. Moreover, it was evident that the healthy group had a substantially higher average (P=0.001) compared to the leukemia and hemophilia groups, suggesting that the two patient groups exhibited lower levels of self-esteem in comparison to the healthy group.  Conclusion: The current research showed that coping styles like seeking social support, positive thinking, and spiritual beliefs are more common in patients, leading to higher social self-efficacy.