Gas chromatography analysis of plant extracts to examine ingredients: Turmeric extracts on Leishmania Promastigotes and anti-Leishmania effect of Ginger

Turmeric extract and aroma oil of Curcuma longa exhibit inhibition properties again s t various bacteria, parasites, and pathogenic fungi. We inve s tigated the effects of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and Turmeric extract on Leishmania proma s tigotes and used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for analyzing plant extracts. The hydroalcoholic extractions obtained from the two plants were diluted in 70% ethanol to three different concentrations; 12.5, 100, and 500 mg mL-1. The Leishmania significant s trains were propagated in an artificial medium to reach sufficient parasites. The survival percentage of Leishmania proma s tigotes was affected significantly by the time and concentration of the extracts (P 0.05). The repeated measures pattern showed an interaction effect between various time points and treatment with the extracts. s tati s tics analysis showed a significant difference between different concentrations and extract samples (P 0.05). GC-MS showed that the survival rate of Leishmania proma s tigotes treated with hydroalcoholic extract of Ginger at 3-time points (24, 48, and 72 hours) was lower than Glucantime and Turmeric extract. The survival rate of proma s tigotes treated with Turmeric extract was similar to those treated with Glucantime but lower than those treated with a combined extract of Ginger and Turmeric at a concentration of 500 mg mL-1. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of Ginger and Turmeric plant extracts were similar to that of Glucantime, indicating that these extracts can be used as potential drug candidates for leishmaniasis.