Therapeutic Potential of siRNAs in Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Modulating The PI3K/AKT and ERK Signaling Pathways: A Systematic Review

Among the various manifestations of oral cavity cancer, tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), is themost common form of this condition. TSCC represents a major challenge in the field of cancer treatment.The emergence of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) has opened new avenues for therapeutic intervention inTSCC. This research provides an overview of siRNA-mediated mechanisms and emphasizes their complexinvolvement in modulating key signaling pathways associated with TSCC progression. Relevant articles from2004 to 2023 were conducted by using different keywords, such as Interfering RNA and Small Interfering .The search was following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA)guidelines based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Gradingof Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. The selected studies (n=17)were subjected to perform comprehensive analysis. We concluded that the PI3K/AKT and ERK pathways, one ofoncogenic signaling cascades in TSCC is notable. siRNAs and their role in targeting specific signaling pathwayshelp us understand the molecular mechanisms underlying TSCC that may lead to the development promisingtherapies for TSCC. These therapies have the advantage of personalization and precision, targeted delivery, andthe potential to overcome drug resistance. Therefore, the study enhances our comprehension of siRNA-basedinterventions’ clinical potential in TSCC.