Synthesis of a New Three-Dimensional Functional Polymeric Network Via Click Reaction for Effective Removal of Pb2+ Ions from Aqueous Solutions

This research synthesized a three-dimensional functional polymeric network with heterocyclic bridges. Initially, cyanuric triazides and poly(acrylamide-co-acrylonitrile) were produced. A click reaction between these two components led to the formation of the three-dimensional polymeric networks (TET-PAAN), which were used as adsorbents for heavy metal ions, showing selectivity for Pb2+ ions. The polymeric networks were characterized using FT-IR, TGA, and SEM analyses. Additionally, various adsorption parameters such as pH, adsorbent dosage, adsorption time, temperature, agitation speed, and initial ion concentration were investigated and optimized. The results showed that the maximum efficient removal of the Pb2+ ions appeared at pH 7.0 (94%). The optimal adsorbent dose for the Pb2+ ions solution (50 mL) was about 5 mg/50 mL (70% to 96%), and the equilibrium time for the synthesized nanocomposite was found to be about 15 min.