Analysis of cell toxicity and physical stability of red snapper fish scale nanochitosan as pulp capping material (In vitro study)

Pulp capping is often used in dental restorations to prevent pulp necrosis. Red snapper fish scale nanochitosan derived from natural materials can potentially be an alternative material for pulp capping materials because it has biocompatibility properties compared to chitosan with regular sizes. The aim of this study was to determine the physical stability of red snapper fish scale nanochitosan and the cytotoxic level against Vero cells.This study used a true experimental type using a posttest only with a control group design, consisting of 5 groups, namely treatment groups given red snapper scale nanochitosan at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 2% and two control groups, namely media control and cell control. Replication was carried out 5 times so that the total sample was 30 samples. The measurement method used is the MTT assay, which produces absorbance values obtained from ELISA reader readings. The results of the physical stability test during storage showed that there was a significant difference in pH values ​​between the three concentrations (p 0.05). A concentration of 1% appeared as a stable midpoint. The Cytotoxic Test obtained in the study showed that no Vero cells died at a concentration of 1%, while those with concentrations of 0.5% and 2% Vero cells had shallow absorbance values. The results of the physical stability test during storage showed that the 1% concentration appeared as a stable concentration, and the cytotoxic test showed that the 1% concentration was not cytotoxic. In comparison, the 0.5% and 2% concentrations were moderately cytotoxic.