Urban resilience as a content-oriented approach to urban design process

resilience concept defines a practical framework for evaluating and analyzing urban systems. It helps address the vulnerabilities caused by the complex challenges that cities face, and prepare and adapt to them. Urban design process has an important role in facilitating this self-organization and adaptive process to change. Therefore, this article applies both substantive and procedural characteristics of urban resilience and related capacities as a content-oriented approach to urban design process. To do so, we identified a conceptual framework, referring to urban resilience concepts, to navigate the urban design process through the ldquo;Strategic Planning Approach for Resilience Keeping rdquo; (SPARK) methodology. This conceptual framework guides the problem-finding and problem-solving process, from conceptualization and analysis to implementation and evaluation. This research provides a clear and practical way to identify a physical-technical and participatory urban design process, involving a wide range of stakeholders to develop resilient, flexible, and possible urban design plans. Such a process can cope with changing conditions and reduce the theory-practice gap in urban design knowledge.