Modeling the e-learning development based on instructional leadership: a mixed study

Background: Considering the importance of leadership in the e-learning of students in higher education, this study aimed to model the development of e-learning based on educational leadership. Method: The study was conducted in 2024 on members of the nursing education, educational technology, and educational planning faculties of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. The study used an exploratory mixed-method approach with semi-structured interviews of 15 purposively selected participants. Data analysis in the qualitative section was carried out using triple-coding via the MaxQDA 2020 software, while the quantitative section was analyzed through the structural equation modeling approach and measurement of item loadings using the PLS software. Data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire from 335 randomly selected members of the statistical population. Results: The qualitative part included five dimensions of e-learning development based on educational leadership. These dimensions included leadership and management of education in universities, organizational factors, technological infrastructure in universities, human factors, and curriculum structure. Based on the results of the quantitative analysis, the highest priority was given to the component of support from senior managers while the lowest priority was for the reward system component. The model was validated by confirmatory factor analysis, with all dimensions of the model being valid. Conclusion: Educational leadership plays a critical role in e-learning development, which can be enhanced through collaboration and mentorship.