Synergistic effect of Ganoderma lucidum Triterpenoids and biosynthesized Zinc Oxide nanoparticles against some dermatophytes

G. lucidum mushroom has been recorded in conventional medicine for more than 2000 years due to has several bioactive compounds including triterpenoids (GLTs). This study aimed to extract and detect of the triterpenoids and biological synthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles by using the aqueous extract of this mushroom, then evaluate their antifungal activity against four dermatophytes. From the 1000 g of G. lucidum dried fruiting bodies powder which were used in this study, 16.1 g GLTs was extracted. HPLC was used to analyses GLTs and detection of Ganoderic Acid by using (Ganoderic Acid A) as a standard. The results showed that the concentration of Ganoderic acid in the sample was 985 µg per gram of the extract. ZnO nanoparticles were biosynthesized by using 1 gm of zinc chloride salt with 10 ml of G. lucidum aqueous extract to obtain ZnO nanoparticles. The biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles were characterize by using different approaches included UV spectrophotometer, FTIR, AFM, EDX, and FESEM. These techniques demonstrated the biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles with a diameter 44.62 nm. The result of antifungal activity of these compounds showed significant difference among treatments for inhibit the four dermatophytes. The combinations between GLTs with ZnO nanoparticles showed synergistic effect to inhibit the growth of M. canis, T. rubrum, E. floccosum, and T. mentagrophytes. The concentration 100 mg/ ml of this treatment showed highest inhibition percentage followed by 50 and 25 mg/ml. In other words, the inhibition percentage increased by increasing the concentrations of the tested treatments.