Review of Electric Vehicle Traction Motors, Control Systems, and Various Implementation Cards

Utilizing electric vehicles (EVs) in place of conventional vehicles is now necessary to lower carbon dioxide emissions, provide clean energy, and lessen environmental pollution. Numerous researchers are trying to figure out how to make these electric vehicles better in order to address this. Electric motors and batteries are necessary parts of electric cars. As such, the development of these vehicles was associated with the development of these two entities. This review lists all of the sophisticated electric machines, their control schemes, and the embedded systems that are utilized to put these schemes into practice. Due to this review, we determined out, the induction motor and permanent magnet synchronous motor have been demonstrated to be the most efficient and suitable alternative for propulsion drive in electric vehicles. Furthermore, because torque and speed can be controlled simultaneously with minimal noise and ripples, the FOC approach continues to be the ideal control method. This evaluation offers comprehensive information regarding the application of various control measures. Whereas the model- based design technique made it easier for engineers to program, validate, and fine-tune the system’s controllers before deploying it in the field, STM32 and DSP320F28379 are the best embedded systems for implementation because of their low cost and compatibility with the SIMULINK environment.