Intra-specific Variability in Germination Behavior and Seed Testing Protocols: The Challenge of Intermountain Species

The seed trade in the United States markets an ever-growing list of native species in response to increased demand from horticultural and revegetation users. Proper germination timing is critical for these wildland-adapted species and is often regulated through various forms of seed dormancy. Significant within-species variability in seed germination behavior is common for broadly adapted species of the Intermountain West (USA). High levels of intra-specific variability in germination behavior make selection of a single, best germination test problematic. Protocols employing multiple tests can be effective in determining both seed viability and dormancy for variable species. The ability to deliver meaningful seed quality information for native species will be enhanced as a multi-method philosophy is further embraced and utilized by seed analysts and their organizations.