Applications for PFBC Residues

Pressurized fluidized bed combined-cycle (PFBC) ashes have proved favorable for utilization in a variety of applications. The Swedish Geotechnical Institute has previously carried out comprehensive testing on ashes from ABB Carbonʹs pilot plant in 1988-1989, with complementary tests on ashes from the commercial plants in V?rtan, Tidd, and Escatron. The scope of the tests was expanded in 1997-1998 to include fuel mixtures based on oil shale from ABB Carbonʹs test plant. While providing a historical and commercial perspective for the applications for PFBC residues, the focus of this paper is upon the result of investigations performed on ashes from oil shale fuel combinations.