Image segmentation and edge enhancement with stabilized inverse diffusion equations

We introduce a family of first-order multidimensional ordinary differential equations (ODE’s) with discontinuous right-hand sides and demonstrate their applicability in image processing. An equation belonging to this family is an inverse diffusion everywhere except at local extrema, where some stabilization is introduced. For this reason, we call these equations “stabilized inverse diffusion equations” (SIDE’s). Existence and uniqueness of solutions, as well as stability, are proven for SIDE’s. A SIDE in one spatial dimension may be interpreted as a limiting case of a semi-discretized Perona–Malik equation [14], [15]. In an experimental section, SIDE’s are shown to suppress noise while sharpening edges present in the input signal. Their application to image segmentation is also demonstrated.