Signalling block layout and strategy of train operation for saving energy in mass rapid transit systems

An approach for assisting the design of fixed-block signalling system of mass rapid transit (MRT) systems by optimising the block layout and running speed code of each signalling block between any two neighbouring stations is presented. The object is to achieve minimum energy consumption with maximum train capacity. The apporach preadjusts the running speed restriction of trains to avoid overspeeding on an alignment. At the same time it can also shave-off unnecessary speed changes to improve passenger comfort. The concept of equiblock signalling is used to assist this research. Considering the effect of gradients and the limits of minimum headway of an ATO system and average train speed, a genetic algorithm is applied to determine the shortest length, speed codes and positions of signalling blocks. Single train running dynamics between stations is simulated based on the signalling system of an MRT system with various aspects, positions and numbers of signalling blocks through acceleration and jerk limits. An heuristic search is used to seek out the combination of train running speed code of each signalling block for energy saving.