Simulations and knowledge-based computer-aided architectural design (CAAD) systems for passive and low energy architecture

This paper describes a methodology for supporting computationally all phases of an energy-conscious design and evaluation process, by combining procedural simulation and knowledge-based heuristic methods in one integrated system. Based on this methodology knowledge-based computer-aided architectural design systems for the design and evaluation of solar and low-energy buildings are presented. The knowledge-base contains the heuristic rules for the design of passive solar buildings. Whenever possible, the knowledge-base guides the designer through the decision-making process. Yet, if the rules of thumb are not acceptable for the particular design problem, the knowledge-based system guides the architect by using procedural simulation models.