A hybrid stress ANS solid-shell element and its generalization for smart structure modelling. Part II - smart structure modelling

In Part I of the paper, a hybrid-stress-assumed natural strain eight-node solid-shell element immune to shear, membrane, trapezoidal, thickness and dilatational lockings has been developed. Moreover, the element computational cost is reduced by enforcing admissible sparsity in the #exibility matrix. In this part of the paper, the solid-shell element is generalized to a piezoelectric solid-shell element. Using the two solid-shell elements, smart structures with segmented piezoelectric sensors and actuators can be conveniently modelled. A number of problems are studied and comparisons with other ad hoc element models for smart structure modelling are presented