Kinematical shakedown analysis with temperature-dependent yield stress

This paper describes a direct shakedown analysis of structures subjected to variable thermal and mechanical loading. The classical kinematical shakedown theorem is modi ed to be implemented with any displacementbased nite elements. The plastic incompressibility condition is imposed by the penalty function method. The shakedown limit is found via a non-linear mathematical programming procedure. Two numerical shakedown methods are developed and implemented to provide alternative numerical means. The temperature-dependent material model is included in theoretical and numerical calculation in a simple way. Its e ect on shakedown limit is investigated. The numerical examination for some pressure vessel structures subjected to thermal and mechanical loading shows a satisfying precision and e ciency of the methods presented