Silica removal from Mokai, New Zealand, geothermal brine by treatment with lime and a cationic precipitan

Preliminary experiments using two chemicals (CaO, a quicklime, and a cationic nitrogenbearing precipitant, EC-004) to remove silica from geothermal brine were undertaken at the Mokai geothermal plant, New Zealand. The brine was mixed with the reagent (CaO or EC- 004). The reaction was studied from the start of the experiment (NRT, 0 min, no retaining time) and after 15 min (15RT) at 90 C. The concentration of silica in the brine was initially 954 mg/l, and decreased linearly with increasing reagent concentration. When CaO is added, the silica concentration at 15RT was 200 mg/l lower than at NRT and became almost zero on addition of 1.5 g/l. In contrast, when EC-004 is added, the total silica concentration nearly reaches the solubility of amorphous silica at 90 C. In order to prevent silica scaling in Mokai brines cooled to 90 C, the CaO and EC-004 added should be individually adjusted to 0.5 g/l and 80 mg/l, respectively. # 2002 CNR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved