Analysis of the performance parameters of lead/acid batteries in photovoltaic systems

A systematic effort is made to define analysis and performance parameters for lead/acid batteries in photovoltaic (PV) systems. In this paper, results from the data analysis are presented, showing typical current and voltage profiles and time series of state-of-charge. Four major classes of battery operating conditions in PV systems and another four classes of temperature conditions are identified. Typical results from all classes are shown as examples. These results should help system engineers to choose the right control strategies and the battery industry to choose and develop appropriate batteries for PV applications especially for Central Europe, where most of the systems under investigation are located.