Impedance-based non-linear dynamic battery modeling for automotive applications

This paper presents a systematic approach to employ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for determining model structure and parameters of a simulation model for a VRLA battery. It focuses on the interpretation of the impedance data in terms of equivalent circuit models and describes the Matlab/Simulink implementation of the model as well as its time-domain verification. Furthermore, the advantages and limits of the impedance-based model as well as the possible simplifications are discussed.