PEMFC systems: the need for high temperature polymers as a consequence of PEMFC water and heat management

The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is usually operated at elevated pressure, requiring the use of a compressor. Also the operating temperature is low, generally below 80 °C. For many applications, a somewhat higher operating temperature would be preferable. This paper describes the reasons for pressurised operation at, or close to, 80 °C in terms of water and heat management issues. It is concluded that a new type of proton conducting material is highly desirable, having many of the good Nafion properties, but based on a proton conduction mechanism that does not require the presence of large amounts of water in the electrolyte.