Aspirin-associated intracerebral hemorrhage in a patient with CADASIL

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a hereditary disease characterized by ischemic stroke, cognitive impairment, migraine and neuropsychological deficit. Although intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has been described in patients with CADASIL, the cause of such ICH is still unknown. We present a 39-year-old man with CADASIL who had two years history of untreated hypertension. In this patient, acute ICH developed only two weeks after the initiation of aspirin. Brain images demonstrated a 3 cm × 3 cm hyperacute ICH in the left temporal lobe at the site of previous old hemorrhage. The presence of cerebral microbleed and use of antithrombotics may be associated with development of ICH in patients with CADASIL.