BIEM Modeling of 3D Circulation and Transport in Stratified Estuaries

Here the boundary integral equation method (BIEM) is used for 3D modeling of hydrodynamics and pollutant transport in stratified estuaries. The flow computations are made using a newly developed BIEM solution. The transport modeling has been done using an Eulerian-Lagrangian BIEM (ELBIEM) model. In ELBIEM, the advection part in the transport equation is treated by the concept of the Eulerian-Lagrangian scheme, which overcomes the limitation of traditional BIEM to deal with an arbitrary velocity field. The coupling of the 3D shallow water BIEM model and advection-diffusion ELBIEM model enables one to effectively deal with fluctuation of free surface and density stratification in an estuary. The main advantages of the BIEM model include reduction in computational dimensions, ease in discretization and data preparation, accurate free surface simulation, less numerical diffusion and dispersion problems, and direct flux solution at boundaries. The numerical simulation results are compared with other model results and found to be satisfactory. The illustrated case study shows the effectiveness of the model in the simulation of mass, momentum, and heat transfer due to air-water interaction in stratified estuary problems.