Abstract :
Cardiac angiography and coronary/vascular interventions depend on iodinated contrast media and consequently pose the risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). This is an important complication that accounts for a significant number of cases of hospital-acquired renal failure, with adverse effects on prognosis and health care costs. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of contrast-induced AKI, baseline renal function measurement, risk assessment, identification of high-risk patients, contrast medium use, and preventive strategies are discussed in this report. An advanced algorithm is suggested for the risk stratification and management of contrast-induced AKI as it relates to patients undergoing cardiovascular procedures. Contrast-induced AKI is likely to remain a significant challenge for cardiologists in the future because the patient population is aging and chronic kidney disease and diabetes are becoming more common.
Keywords :
myocardial infarction , diabetes mellitus , PCI , EGFR , CK-MB , Creatinine , Cr , N-acetylcysteine , MI , DM , Chronic kidney disease , Percutaneous coronary intervention , CKD , HOCM , creatine kinase-myocardial band , NAC , CIN , contrast-induced nephropathy , estimated glomerular filtration rate , IOCM , LOCM , AKI , acute kidney injury , high-osmolal contrast media , iso-osmolal contrast media , low-osmolal contrast media
