B-type natriuretic peptides for the diagnosis of congestive heart failure in dyspneic oldest-old patients

Objectives To evaluate the accuracy of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) for the diagnosis of congestive heart failure (CHF) in dyspneic patients aged ≥ 85 years admitted to the Emergency Department (ED), and to define threshold values in this oldest-old population. Design and methods This study involved 210 oldest-old patients, and 360 patients aged from 65 to 84 years (< 85 years), admitted to the ED for dyspnea. Results Median BNP and NT-proBNP levels were significantly higher in CHF oldest-old patients (p < 0.001). BNP and NT-proBNP threshold values were higher in oldest-old patients (290 and 2800 pg/mL, respectively) compared to that of patients < 85 years (270 and 1700 pg/mL, respectively). In a multivariate analysis, both BNP and NT-proBNP were the strongest variables associated with CHF in oldest-old patients. Neither renal function nor gender had impact on the diagnostic utility of the two tests. Conclusion Both BNP and NT-proBNP could potentially be reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis of CHF in oldest-old patients admitted with acute dyspnea to the ED.