Arteriovenous fistula after temporomandibular arthroscopy

Temporomandibular joint arthroscopy has been associated with various vascular injuries including haemorrhage, pseudoaneurysm and fistula. We describe the endovascular balloon embolization of a traumatic superficial temporal arteriovenous fistula that complicated TMJ arthroscopy. We conclude that suspected vascular injuries after this procedure should be investigated by arteriography, and that embolization is a safe and effective treatment for superficial temporal artery fistulas.