Vascularized transplantation of the long thoracic nerve for sensory reinnervation of the lower lip

Microsurgical techniques have improved functional and morphological reconstruction of the face in recent years. An important factor is the re-establishment of neuronal function. The aim of this study was a follow-up of the regeneration of sensation in the inferior alveolar nerve after partial resection of a tumour and reconstruction with a vascularized long thoracic nerve graft. Five patients were examined in monthly intervals to assess the degree of re-establishment of sensation. Pressure and pain responses were elicited as early as three months postoperatively, sense of touch and vibration were found after five months, and sensitivity to temperature after seven months postoperatively. In four patients nine months postoperatively, sensory qualities in the region of the mental nerve were identical on both sides. The vascularized long thoracic nerve is therefore an adequate nerve graft for covering defects as a result of resection of the inferior alveolar nerve patients with tumours.