Title of article :
The Neural Circuitry Mediating Shifts in Behavioral Response and Cognitive Set in Autism
Author/Authors :
Keith M. Shafritz، نويسنده , , Gabriel S. Dichter، نويسنده , , Grace T. Baranek، نويسنده , , Aysenil Belger، نويسنده ,
Issue Information :
روزنامه با شماره پیاپی سال 2008
Pages :
7
From page :
974
To page :
980
Abstract :
Background Recent studies have suggested that the social and cognitive impairments in autism are associated with neural processing deficits in specific brain regions. However, these studies have primarily focused on neural systems responsible for face processing and social behaviors. Although repetitive, stereotyped behaviors are a hallmark of autism, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying these behaviors in the disorder. Methods We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural correlates of shifts in behavioral response and cognitive set in 18 individuals with high-functioning autism and 15 neurotypical control participants. Participants performed a target detection task specifically designed to distinguish shifts in response from shifts in cognitive set. Results Individuals with autism showed lower accuracy on response shifting trials, independent of whether those trials also required a shift in cognitive set. Compared with control subjects, participants with autism showed reduced activation in frontal, striatal, and parietal regions during these trials. In addition, within the autism group, the severity of restricted, repetitive behaviors was negatively correlated with activation in anterior cingulate and posterior parietal regions. Conclusions These results suggest that executive deficits and, by extension, repetitive behaviors associated with autism might reflect a core dysfunction within the brainʹs executive circuitry.
Keywords :
cognitive set , AUTISM , Executive function , fMRI
Journal title :
Biological Psychiatry
Serial Year :
2008
Journal title :
Biological Psychiatry
Record number :
503699
Link To Document :
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