Molecular profiling techniques and bioinformatics in cancer research

Aims Our aim was to describe the commonly used molecular profiling techniques in cancer research, to examine their limitations and to discuss the challenges of bioinformatics. Methods A literature search was performed using the PubMed database to identify publications relevant to this review. Citations from these articles were also examined to yield further relevant publications. Results We describe the use of DNA microarrays, comparative genomic hybridisation, tissue microarrays and digital differential display. The limitations of these technologies, their contribution to cancer research and the challenges of bioinformatics are also discussed. Conclusions Although these high throughput technologies each have their own limitations they are rapidly developing and contributing significantly to our understanding of cancer genetics. They have also led to the emergence of bioinformatics as a rapidly developing and vital field.