Therapeutic results in low-rectal cancer patients treated with abdominosacral resection are similar to those obtained by means of anterior resection in mid- and upper-rectal cancer cases

Aims To present the experiences of the Regional Comprehensive Cancer Center in Wroclaw with abdominosacral resection (ASR) carried out in low-rectal cancer patients. Methods Rectal cancer patients (n = 294) were operated on by the same surgical team using the standardized TME technique between May 5, 1998 and February 23, 2001. Depending on the distance from the anal verge, the primary tumor was removed by means of standard abdominal resection (AR—mid- and upper-rectal cancers) or abdominosacral resection (ASR—low-rectal cancers). The patients who underwent the different operative procedures were comparable in terms of distributions of age, gender, tumor infiltration depth and regional lymph node involvement with no significant statistical difference between the groups. Results Ninety-seven cases were excluded from the analysis of survival based on exclusion criteria defined. Consequently, 197 cases were left for further analysis, including 154 patients operated on by AR and 43 who underwent ASR. AR and ASR patients did not differ significantly in terms of postoperative morbidity (11% and 14%, respectively), observed (57.1% vs. 60.4%) and relative 5-year survivals (74.3% vs. 73.2%) and the cumulative 5-year local recurrence rate (5.8% vs. 4.7%). Conclusion The combined use of the modern TME technique and the “historical” abdominosacral excision of the rectum seems to give new, potentially attractive perspectives for successful surgical treatment of low-rectal cancers.