Sirolimus versus bare metal stent implantation in patients with total coronary occlusions: Subgroup analysis of the Stenting Coronary Arteries in Non-Stress/Benestent Disease (SCANDSTENT) Trial

Background Coronary restenosis is more common in a total coronary occlusion (TCO) than other lesion types after implantation of bare metal stents (BMS). But whereas sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) have been shown to improve the outcomes in simple coronary artery lesions, data on their efficacy in complex coronary lesions are scarce. Methods We enrolled 127 patients with coronary artery disease and a TCO ≥ 15 mm in length to have either SES or BMS implanted after successful recanalization. Outcome measures included the minimal lumen diameter, the late lumen loss, and angiographic restenosis (>50% diameter stenosis) at 6 months follow-up and the occurrence of target vessel failure during a 7-month period. Results The patients were well matched in demographic and angiographic baseline characteristics, and 20% had diabetes. The reference vessel was 2.92 mm in mean, and the lesion length was 25.2 mm. At follow-up, patients who received SES had a minimal lumen diameter of 2.49 mm compared with 1.46 mm in those who received BMS (P = .015), 0% versus 38% developed restenosis (P < .001), lumen loss was −0.05 versus 0.99 mm (P < .001), and the target vessel failure rate 5% with SES versus 35% with BMS (P < .001). Stent thrombosis occurred in 1 patient in the BMS group. Conclusions Implantation of SES is safe, and it markedly reduces angiographic restenosis and the occurrence of adverse events in patients with a TCO.