Red cells I: inherited anaemias Review Article

• Examination of the genetic mechanisms underlying the thalassaemias has led to a clearer understanding of the control of eukaryotic genes in general. • Inherited disorders of haemoglobin synthesis are an important cause worldwide of morbidity and mortality, and place a large burden on patients, families, and ultimately communities. • The haemoglobin disorders can be controlled, by counselling and prenatal diagnosis. • Treatment is usually symptomatic, though bone-marrow transplantation for β-thalassaemia may be successful in suitable patients.