Medical Research Council randomised trial of endometrial resection versus hysterectomy in management of menorrhagia

Background The most frequent indication for hysterectomy is menorrhagia, even though the uterus is normal in a large number of patients. Transcervical resection of the endometrium (TCRE) is a less drastic alternative, but success rates have varied and menorrhagia can recur. We have tested the hypothesis that the difference in the proportion of women dissatisfied and requiring further surgery within 3 years of TCRE or hysterectomy would be no more than 15%. Methods 202 women with symptomatic menorrhagia were recruited to a multicentre, randomised, controlled trial to compare the two interventions. TCRE and hysterectomy were randomly assigned in a ratio of two to one. The primary endpoints were womenʹs satisfaction and need for further surgery. The patientsʹ psychological and social states were monitored before surgery, then annually with a questionnaire. Analysis was by intention to treat. Findings Data were available for 172 women (56 hysterectomy, 116 TCRE); 26 withdrew before surgery and four were lost to follow-up. Satisfaction scores were higher for hysterectomy than for TCRE throughout follow-up (median 2 years), but the differences were not significant (at 3 years 27 [96%] of 28 in hysterectomy group vs 46 [85%] of 54 in TCRE group were satisfied; p=0·16). 25 (22%) women in the TCRE group and five (9%) in the hysterectomy group required further surgery (relative risk 0·46 [95% Cl 0·2-1·1], p=0·053). TCRE had the benefits of shorter operating time, fewer complications, and faster rates of recovery. Interpretation TCRE is an acceptable alternative to hysterectomy in the treatment of menorrhagia for many women with no other serious disorders.